A pterygium (pronounced tur-ij-ee-um) is a v-shaped growth on the surface of the eye.  It consists of blood vessels and fibrous tissue.  It is related to excessive sunlight exposure over a long period.

 

Redness and sometimes irritation in the area of the pterygium can occur. If large enough can extend closer to the pupil resulting in a decrease of vision. Pterygia are only treated if they are causing issues for the patient. 

 

To reduce symptoms topical lubricants and vasoconstrictors can be used. Surgical excision and autoconjunctival grafting is the only real treatment option.  Recurrence after the surgery is reduced to less than 5%.